1. Intangiriro y'ibikoresho byo muri firigo bihurirana
Igice cya parallel bivuga igice gikonjesha gihuza compressors zirenze ebyiri mu kirahuri kimwe kandi gikorera evaporators nyinshi. Compressors zifite igitutu gisanzwe cyo guhumeka n'igitutu cyo guhumeka, kandi igice cya parallel gishobora guhindura ingufu mu buryo bwikora bitewe n'umutwaro wa sisitemu. Gishobora gutuma compressor igenda neza, kandi igice gikonjesha gifata agace gato, kandi biroroshye kubishyira mu buryo bwo kugenzura no kugenzura kure.
Itsinda rimwe ry'ibice rishobora kuba rigizwe n'ubwoko bumwe bwa compressor, cyangwa ubwoko butandukanye bwa compressor. Rishobora kuba rigizwe n'ubwoko bumwe bwa compressor (nk'imashini ya piston), cyangwa rishobora kuba rigizwe n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa compressor (nk'imashini ya piston + imashini ya screw); rishobora gushyiramo ubushyuhe bumwe bwo guhumeka cyangwa ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo guhumeka. Ubushyuhe; rishobora kuba sisitemu imwe cyangwa sisitemu y'ibice bibiri; rishobora kuba sisitemu imwe cyangwa sisitemu yo gukaraba, nibindi. Inyinshi muri compressor zisanzwe ni sisitemu imwe ihurirana y'ubwoko bumwe.
Ibikoresho bya kompreseri bihuza neza n'umutwaro uhindagurika w'ubukonje bw'uburyo bukonjesha. Mu guhindura uburyo kompreseri itangirira n'aho ihagarara muri sisitemu yose, imimerere ya "ifarashi nini n'igare rito" irindwa. Urugero, iyo ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha ari buke mu gihe cy'itumba, kompreseri irafunguka gake, naho mu mpeshyi, ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha buba bwinshi, kandi kompreseri irafunguka cyane. Umuvuduko wo gukurura k'icyuma gikonjesha uguma uhoraho, ibyo bikaba byongera cyane imikorere myiza ya sisitemu. Hakozwe igerageza rigereranya igice kimwe n'igice gikonjesha cyakozwe kuri sisitemu imwe, kandi sisitemu ya kimwe ishobora kuzigama ingufu ku kigero cya 18%.
Uburyo bwose bwo kugenzura ibyuma bikonjesha, ibikonjesha na evaporator bushobora kuba buri mu gasanduku k’amashanyarazi, kandi ibikoresho bigenzura mudasobwa bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo byongere imikorere myiza ya sisitemu. Muri make, imikorere yose idakorwa n’umuntu n’imikorere iri kure irashobora kugerwaho.
2. Icyerekezo cy'imiyoboro n'ubugari bw'imiyoboro
Icyerekezo cy'umuyoboro: Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha ya Freon, amavuta yo kwisiga ya compressor azenguruka muri sisitemu hamwe n'icyuma gikonjesha, bityo kugira ngo sisitemu igarure amavuta neza, umuyoboro w'umwuka ugaruka (umuyoboro w'umwuka muke) ugomba kugira icyerekezo runaka yerekeza kuri compressor, akenshi ifite icyerekezo cya 0.5%.
Guhitamo umurambararo w'umuyoboro: Niba umurambararo w'umuyoboro w'umuringa ari muto cyane, igihombo cy'umuvuduko w'icyuma gikonjesha mu muyoboro w'amazi (umuyoboro w'umuvuduko mwinshi) n'umuyoboro w'umwuka ugarura umwuka (umuyoboro w'umuvuduko muto) bizaba binini cyane; Niba agaciro ari kanini cyane, nubwo igihombo cy'ubudahangarwa mu muyoboro gishobora kugabanuka, bizatuma ikiguzi cy'ishoramari rya mbere cyiyongera, kandi icyarimwe, bizanatera umuvuduko udahagije wo kugarura peteroli mu muyoboro w'umwuka ugarura umwuka.
Ihame ry’umurambararo w’umuyoboro ritangwa: umuvuduko w’amazi ashyushye mu muyoboro w’amazi ni 0.5-1.0m/s, nturenze 1.5m/s; mu muyoboro w’umwuka ugaruka, umuvuduko w’amazi ashyushye mu muyoboro utambitse ni 7-10m/s, umuvuduko w’amazi ashyushye mu muyoboro uzamuka ni 15-18m/s.
Imiterere y'ubwoko bw'ishami: Hari imitwe y'amazi n'imitwe y'umwuka igarura umwuka ku gice gihuriranye, kandi hari amashami menshi y'amazi ku gice gihuriranye, kandi ishami rimwe ry'umwuka rigarura umwuka rijyanye na buri shami ry'amazi rikusanyirizwa mu gice gihuriranye cy'umwuka, umuyoboro nk'uwo w'uburyo bwo gukonjesha bw'igice gihuriranye witwa ubwoko bw'ishami. Buri shami ribiri, ni ukuvuga ishami ry'amazi n'ishami ryaryo rigarura umwuka, rishobora kugira umuyoboro umwe w'amazi (ishami rya 1) cyangwa itsinda ry'imiyoboro y'amazi (ishami n). Iyo ari itsinda ry'imiyoboro y'amazi, akenshi itsinda ry'imiyoboro y'amazi ritangira kandi rigahagarara icyarimwe.
Imashini ishyushya iraruta compressor:
Iyo evaporator iri hejuru y’imashini ikoresha umwuka, igihe cyose umurongo wo kugarura umwuka ufite uburebure runaka kandi ugahitamo umurambararo ukwiye w’umuyoboro, sisitemu ishobora kwemeza ko amavuta agaruka neza. Ariko, niba itandukaniro ry’uburebure hagati y’imashini ikoresha umwuka n’imashini ikoresha umwuka ari rinini cyane, icyuma gikonjesha amazi kiri mu muyoboro w’amazi kizatanga umwuka ushyushye mbere yuko kigera ku buryo bwo gukonjesha cyane.
Imashini ikoresha evaporator iri hasi ugereranyije na compressor:
Iyo evaporator iri munsi y’imashini ikoresha amazi, firigo iri mu muyoboro w’amazi ntabwo izatanga umwuka ushyushye bitewe n’itandukaniro ry’uburebure hagati y’imashini ikoresha amazi n’imashini ikoresha amazi, ariko mu gihe cyo gushushanya umuyoboro w’imashini ikoresha amazi, igaruka ry’imashini rigomba gusuzumwa neza. Ikibazo cy’amavuta, muri iki gihe, aho amavuta agaruka hagomba gushushanywa no gushyirwa ku gice cyo hejuru cya buri shami ry’umwuka usubira.
Imashini ishyushya iraruta compressor:
Iyo evaporator iri hejuru y’imashini ikoresha umwuka, igihe cyose umurongo wo kugarura umwuka ufite uburebure runaka kandi ugahitamo umurambararo ukwiye w’umuyoboro, sisitemu ishobora kwemeza ko amavuta agaruka neza. Ariko, niba itandukaniro ry’uburebure hagati y’imashini ikoresha umwuka n’imashini ikoresha umwuka ari rinini cyane, icyuma gikonjesha amazi kiri mu muyoboro w’amazi kizatanga umwuka ushyushye mbere yuko kigera ku buryo bwo gukonjesha cyane.
Imashini ikoresha evaporator iri hasi ugereranyije na compressor:
Iyo evaporator iri munsi y’imashini ikoresha amazi, firigo iri mu muyoboro w’amazi ntabwo izatanga umwuka ushyushye bitewe n’itandukaniro ry’uburebure hagati y’imashini ikoresha amazi n’imashini ikoresha amazi, ariko mu gihe cyo gushushanya umuyoboro w’imashini ikoresha amazi, igaruka ry’imashini rigomba gusuzumwa neza. Ikibazo cy’amavuta, muri iki gihe, aho amavuta agaruka hagomba gushushanywa no gushyirwa ku gice cyo hejuru cya buri shami ry’umwuka usubira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-22-2022
