1. Ishingiro ry'ububiko bukonje rigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe buke, kandi ubushuhe buri mu butaka bukonje byoroshye. Bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'ubutaka nyuma yo gukonjesha, bizatera gucika kw'ubutaka no guhinduka kw'inyubako yose, bizatuma ububiko bukonje budakoreshwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uretse kugira urwego rwiza rwo gukingira, hasi h'ububiko bukonje buciriritse hagomba no guterwa umuti kugira ngo ubutaka budakonjesha. Igice cyo hasi cy'ububiko bukonje kigomba gukusanya ibicuruzwa byinshi, kandi gikeneye no kunyuramo imashini n'ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutwara imizigo, bityo imiterere yacyo igomba kuba ikomeye kandi ifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara imizigo. Inyubako z'inyubako zishobora kwangirika mu bushyuhe buke, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gukonjesha no gushonga. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ububiko bukonje n'inyubako ya buri gice cy'ububiko bukonje bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubukonje buhagije.
2. Mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ububiko bukonje, hagomba kwirindwa ko umwuka w'amazi ukwirakwira no kwinjira mu mwuka. Iyo umwuka wo hanze winjira, ntabwo byongera gusa igihe ubukonje bukoreshwa mu bubiko bukonje, ahubwo binazana ubushuhe mu bubiko. Ubushuhe butuma inyubako, cyane cyane inyubako irinda ubushyuhe, yangirika bitewe n'ubushuhe n'ubukonje. Imiterere myiza yo gufunga no kubuza ubushuhe n'umwuka.
3. Mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ububiko bukonje, umufana ukonjesha agomba guhitamo ibikoresho bigenzura uburyo bwo gushonga. Sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora igomba kugira sensor ikwiye kandi yizewe y’urwego rw’ubukonje cyangwa transmitter inyuranye kugira ngo imenye igihe cyiza cyo gushonga; hagomba kubaho uburyo bwo gushonga neza n’icyuma gikonjesha cy’ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ubushyuhe bukabije.
4. Aho ububiko bukonje buherereye ni hafi cyane y’icyuma gikonjesha, kandi biroroshye kubungabunga kandi bigabanya ubushyuhe neza. Iyo bikuwemo, ni ngombwa gushyiraho ihema, kandi impande enye z’icyuma gikonjesha zigomba gushyirwaho gaskets zidahungabana. Ahantu ho gushyira ibintu ni hakomeye, kandi ntabwo byoroshye kubikoraho n’abantu.
5. Rediyeta y'icyuma gikonjesha igomba gushyirwa hafi y'icyuma gikonjesha gishoboka. Ni byiza kuyishyira hejuru y'icyuma gikonjesha. Aho radiyeta ishyirwa hagomba kuba hari ahantu heza ho gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Rediyeta ntigomba kuba ifite umurongo mugufi kandi ireba andi madirishya (cyane cyane amadirishya yo mu ngo) n'ibikoresho. Igomba kuba iri hejuru ya metero 2 uvuye hasi kandi urwego rwo kuyishyiramo rugomba kuba rukomeye.
6. Imiyoboro y'umuringa yo mu bubiko bukonje igomba gupfunyikwa mu miyoboro ifasha gushyushya no mu nsinga mu cyerekezo kimwe hamwe n'imigozi y'insinga zikonjesha, kandi imiyoboro igomba kuba igororotse uko bishoboka kose kandi igashyirwa mu bice.
7. Uretse guhambira insinga n'imigozi y'insinga ikoresha icyuma gikonjesha, igomba kurindwa n'imiyoboro cyangwa imiyoboro y'insinga. Insinga zigaragaza ubushyuhe ntizigomba gushyirwa hafi y'insinga cyane uko bishoboka kose.
8. Kubera ko condenser na evaporator by'ububiko bukonje byakanzwe kandi bifunze mu ruganda, hagomba kubaho igitutu mu gihe cyo gufungura ipaki, kandi ushobora kugenzura niba hari aho biva. Imiyoboro y'umuringa igomba kugira ibipimo byo gufunga ivumbi ku mpera zombi. Ifunze kugira ngo ivumbi ritinjira mu muyoboro. Condenser, ububiko bukonje, evaporator n'umuyoboro w'umuringa bihuzwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira, kandi aho bihurira ni heza kandi hakomeye. Kugira ngo ubushyuhe buke bukomeze mu bubiko bukonje, inkuta, hasi n'ibisenge birambuye by'ububiko bukonje birashyirwa.
9. Kubwibyo, umushinga wo gushyiraho ububiko bukonjesha vuba utandukanye n’inyubako zisanzwe z’inganda n’iz’ubucuruzi, kandi ufite imiterere yihariye. Gushyiraho ububiko bukonje muri rusange birinda ikwirakwira ry’umwuka w’amazi n’ikirere cyinjiramo. Ubunini bw’ibikoresho bikingira ubushyuhe kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe buturuka hanze. Kugira ngo bigabanye ingufu zituruka ku zuba, ubuso bw’inyuma bw’ububiko bukonje bukunze gusigwa irangi ry’umweru cyangwa ibara ryoroheje. Nyuma yo gushyiraho ububiko bukonje, hagomba gukorwa igenzura ryimbitse ry’umutekano w’amashanyarazi kuri sisitemu kugira ngo hakurweho ibyago byihishe, birimo niba imiyoboro cyangwa insinga zihuza zidafunguye, ko zishaje, ndetse niba igipfukisho cy’icyuma gifashe ku nsinga, nibindi.
10. Ku byuma bikonjesha byose hamwe n'ibikoresho bikonjesha umwuka bidafite ikirahure cy'amavuta n'igikoresho gikingira umuvuduko w'amavuta, igikoresho gikingira umuvuduko w'amavuta kigomba kuba gishobora guhagarara mu buryo bwikora iyo hari ikibazo cy'ibura ry'amavuta. Urusaku rwinshi rwa compressor, gutigita cyangwa umuriro bishobora kuba bifitanye isano no kubura amavuta. Ni ngombwa cyane gusuzuma neza imikorere ya compressor na sisitemu. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, bimwe mu bikoresho bikingira umuvuduko w'amavuta bishobora kwangirika, bigatuma compressor isaza.
11. Inshuro yo gushonga n'igihe buri gihe bikomeza nabyo bigomba gushyirwaho neza kugira ngo urwego rw'amavuta rudahinduka cyangwa ngo ruhinduke. Iyo umuvuduko uri hasi cyane, amavuta yo gusiga azaguma mu muyoboro wa gazi igaruka, kandi umuvuduko wa gazi igaruka uzagabanuka iyo hari amazi menshi yo muri firigo, kandi ntabwo izashobora gusubira muri compressor vuba.
12. Intera iri hagati y’aho amavuta asubira mu bubiko bukonje igomba kuba ikwiye. Iyo umubare w’aho amavuta asubira mu bubiko ari munini ugereranije, amavuta yo kwisiga agomba kongerwamo. Iyo compressor iri hejuru y’icyuma gishyushya, amavuta yo kwisiga ku muyoboro uhagaze ni ngombwa. Imyoboro yo kwisiga igomba kuba ntoya uko bishoboka kose. Umuvuduko wo kugarura umwuka uzagabanuka, kandi umuyoboro wo kugarura amavuta wa sisitemu ihinduka yashyizwe mu bubiko bukonje nawo ugomba kwitonda. Iyo umutwaro ugabanutse. Umuvuduko muto cyane ni mwiza ku kugarura amavuta. Kugira ngo amavuta agaruke munsi y’umutwaro muke, umuyoboro wo gukurura uhagaze ushobora gukoresha double riser. Amavuta yo kwisiga yashyizwe mu bubiko bukonje ashobora gusigara gusa mu muyoboro, kugaruka kw’amavuta ni munsi y’amavuta akoreshwa, kandi gutangira kenshi kwa compressor bifitiye akamaro ku kugaruka kw’amavuta. Kubera ko igihe gihoraho cyo gukora ari gito cyane, compressor irahagarara kandi nta gihe cyo gukora umwuka wihuta mu muyoboro wo kugarura, kandi compressor izaba idafite amavuta menshi. Uko igihe cyo gukora kigenda kiba gito, niko umuyoboro uba munini, niko sisitemu irushaho kuba igoye, niko ikibazo cyo kugarura peteroli kirushaho kugaragara.
13. Iyo amavuta yo kwisiga ari make cyangwa ntayo, hazabaho gukururana gukomeye ku buso bw'icyuma gitwara imizigo, kandi ubushyuhe buzazamuka vuba mu masegonda make. Niba imbaraga za moteri ari nini bihagije, crankshaft izakomeza kuzenguruka, kandi crankshaft n'ubuso bw'icyuma gitwara imizigo bizasaza cyangwa bigashwanyagurika, bitabaye ibyo crankshaft izafungwa n'ibyuma bitwara imizigo kandi ireke kuzenguruka. Ni nako bigenda ku ngendo za piston muri silinda. Kubura amavuta bizatera kwangirika cyangwa gushwanyagurika. Mu bihe bikomeye, piston izafatirwa muri silinda ntishobore kugenda.
14. Niba piston ishyizwe mu bubiko bukonje ivamo amazi bitewe no kwangirika, nibindi, gusubiza amavuta yo kwisiga mu gipfundikizo cya compressor ntibisobanura ko isubira mu gipfundikizo. Umuvuduko w'igipfundikizo wiyongera, kandi valve yo kugenzura ko amavuta agaruka ifungwa mu buryo bwikora bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko. Amavuta yo kwisiga agaruka avuye mu muyoboro wo kugarura aguma mu mwobo wa moteri kandi ntashobora kwinjira mu gipfundikizo. Iki ni ikibazo cyo kugaruka kw'amavuta imbere. Bizatera ibura ry'amavuta. Uretse ubwoko bw'impanuka ibaho mu mashini zishaje, gutangira kw'amazi guterwa no kwimuka kw'amavuta imbere bizanatera ingorane zo kugaruka kw'amavuta imbere, ariko akenshi igihe kiba gito, nibura iminota icumi. Bishobora kugaragara ko urugero rw'amavuta ya compressor rukomeza kugabanuka, kandi ikibazo cyo kugaruka kw'amavuta imbere kibaho, kugeza igihe igikoresho cy'umutekano cya hydraulic gikoze. Urugero rw'amavuta muri crankcase rurakira vuba nyuma yuko compressor ifunzwe. Impamvu nyamukuru y'ikibazo cyo kugaruka kw'amavuta imbere ni ukuva kwa silindiri, kandi ibice bya piston byashaje bigomba gusimburwa mu gihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-11-2022
