1. Kompressor:
Compressor yo muri firigo ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi byo kubika ibintu bikonje. Guhitamo neza ni ingenzi cyane. Ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa compressor yo muri firigo n'imbaraga za moteri ijyanye nabyo bifitanye isano rya hafi n'ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka n'ubushyuhe bwo gukonjesha.
Ubushyuhe bwo gukonjesha n'ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka ni ibipimo by'ingenzi bya compressors zo gukonjesha, byitwa imiterere y'ubukonje. Nyuma yo kubara umutwaro wo gukonjesha w'ububiko bukonje, icyuma cya compressor gifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bukwiye gishobora gutoranywa.
Compressor zikoreshwa cyane mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha ni ubwoko bwa piston n'ubwoko bwa screw. Ubu compressor zo gusimbuza zagiye ziba compressor zikoreshwa cyane mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha bito.
Amahame rusange yo guhitamo compressors zo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje
1. Ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa kompreseri bugomba kuba bushobora guhaza ibisabwa byinshi byo kubika ibintu mu gihe cy'ubukonje, kandi muri rusange ntibukoreshe ibikoresho.
2. Kugena ubushobozi n'umubare w'imashini imwe bigomba gusuzumwa hakurikijwe ibintu nko koroshya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu no guhindura imiterere y'imikorere y'ikintu gikonjesha. Hagomba gutoranywa imashini nini zo kubikamo ibintu bikonjesha zifite umutwaro munini wo kubikamo ibintu bikonjesha kugira ngo hirindwe ko umubare w'imashini uba munini cyane. Umubare w'imashini nini zo kubikamo ibintu bikonjesha ntabwo byoroshye guhitamo. Uretse ebyiri, hari imwe ishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha.
3. Hitamo compressor ikwiye hakurikijwe igipimo cyo gukanda cyabazwe. Kuri compressor za Freon, koresha compressor y'icyiciro kimwe niba igipimo cyo gukanda kiri munsi ya 10, kandi koresha compressor y'icyiciro bibiri niba igipimo cyo gukanda kiri hejuru ya 10.
4. Mu guhitamo compressors nyinshi, birashoboka ko habaho gusimbuza ibice bibiri no gusimbuza ibice hagati y’ibice. Modeli za compressors z’igice kimwe zigomba kuba z’uruhererekane rumwe cyangwa icyitegererezo kimwe.
5. Imiterere y'imikorere ya kompreseri ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa by'ibanze uko bishoboka kose, kandi imiterere y'imikorere ntigomba kurenza urugero rw'imikorere rwagenwe n'uruganda rukora kompreseri. Hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rihoraho ryo kugenzura imikorere ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha, kompreseri ikoreshwa na mudasobwa nto ni amahitamo meza.
6. Bitewe n'imiterere y'icyuma gikonjesha vis, ingano yacyo irahinduka bitewe n'imiterere y'imikorere, bityo icyuma gikonjesha vis gishobora kwihuza n'imiterere itandukanye y'imikorere. Igipimo cyo gukanda cy'icyiciro kimwe cya screw compressor ni kinini kandi gifite urwego runini rw'imikorere. Mu gihe cy'ikoranabuhanga rya economizer, imikorere myiza irashobora kuboneka.
7. Bitewe n'imikorere yayo myiza, urusaku ruto n'imikorere yayo ihamye, compressors zo gusimbuza zagiye zitabwaho mu myaka ya vuba aha, kandi zikoreshwa cyane mu mishinga mito n'iciriritse yo kubika ibintu bikonjesha.
Ibikoresho byo guhanahana ubushyuhe: condenser
Kondensateri ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bikonjeshwa n'amazi, bikonjeshwa n'umwuka, n'ibikonjeshwa n'amazi hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gukonjesha n'uburyo bwo gukonjesha.
Amahame rusange yo guhitamo condenser
1. Kondensateri ihagaze ishyizwe hanze y'icyumba cy'imashini kandi ikwiriye ahantu hari amasoko menshi y'amazi ariko amazi ari mabi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'amazi.
2. Utwuma two mu cyumba dukoresha amazi dukoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu za Freon, muri rusange dushyizwe mu cyumba cya mudasobwa, kandi tubereye ahantu hari ubushyuhe buke bw'amazi n'amazi meza.
3. Utwuma duto two mu bwoko bwa evaporative condensers dukwiriye ahantu hari ubushuhe buke cyangwa ibura ry'amazi, kandi tugomba gushyirwa ahantu hahumeka neza hanze.
4. Utwuma dukonjesha umwuka dukwiriye ahantu hari amasoko y'amazi adafunze, kandi dukoreshwa cyane mu buryo buto n'ubuciriritse bwo gukonjesha bwa Freon.
5. Ubwoko bwose bw'udukoresho dukonjesha amazi bushobora gukoresha uburyo bwo gukonjesha bwo kuzenguruka amazi,
6. Ku byuma bikonjesha amazi cyangwa biva mu mwuka, ubushyuhe butuma amazi akonjesha bugomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu mu gihe cyo gushushanya, ariko ntibigomba kurenga 40 °C.
7. Ukurikije ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho, ikiguzi cya condenser ikoreshwa mu gushyuha ni cyo kinini cyane. Ugereranyije n'ububiko bunini n'ubuciriritse bw'ibikoresho bikonjesha, condenser ikoreshwa mu gushyuha n'ubundi bwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gushyuha n'amazi akonjesha, ikiguzi cyo kubaka cya mbere ni kimwe, ariko condenser ikoreshwa mu gushyuha ikoreshwa mu nyuma. Kugira ngo amazi agabanuke ingufu, condenser ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu gushyuha mu bihugu byateye imbere, ariko mu turere dufite ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje bwinshi, ingaruka za condenser ikoreshwa mu gushyuha si nziza.
Birumvikana ko guhitamo kwa nyuma kwa kondensateri biterwa n'imiterere y'ikirere mu karere n'ubwiza bw'amazi yo mu gace. Bifitanye isano kandi n'ubushyuhe nyabwo bw'ububiko bukonje n'ibisabwa mu cyumba cya mudasobwa.
Valve yo mu muyoboro w'amazi:
Uburyo bwo gukonjesha ni kimwe mu bice bine by'ingenzi bigize sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonjesha, kandi ni igice cy'ingenzi kugira ngo imikorere y'uruziga rwo gukonjesha rw'umwuka igerweho. Inshingano yacyo ni ukugabanya ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko wa firigo muri accumulator nyuma yo gukonjesha, kandi icyarimwe igahindura imikorere ya firigo hakurikijwe impinduka z'umutwaro.
Dukurikije uburyo bwo guhindura bukoreshwa, uburyo bwo gukurura bushobora kugabanywamo: valve yo gukurura ikoreshwa n'intoki, valve yo gukurura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'amazi, uburyo bwo gukurura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, valve yo kwagura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, na valve yo kwagura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwuka. Valve yo kwagura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ubushyuhe.
Valve yo kwagura ubushyuhe ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha kwa leta. Ihindura urugero rw'ifungura rya valve kandi igahindura amazi binyuze mu gupima urugero rw'ubushyuhe bukabije bw'umwuka ugaruka ku muyoboro usohoka wa evaporator binyuze muri sensor y'ubushyuhe, kandi igahindura mu buryo bwikora mu rugero runaka. Imikorere y'ingano y'amazi, imikorere yo guhindura ingano y'amazi yo mu murongo ukomeye ihinduka bitewe n'impinduka z'umutwaro w'ubushyuhe.
Vali zo kwagura zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bw'ingano y'imbere n'ubwoko bw'ingano y'inyuma bitewe n'imiterere yazo.
Valve yo kwagura ubushyuhe bw'imbere ikwiriye sisitemu zo gukonjesha zifite imbaraga nke zo gushyushya. Muri rusange, valve zo kwagura z'imbere zikoreshwa muri sisitemu nto zo gukonjesha.
Iyo icyuma gishyushya amazi gifite icyuma gitandukanya amazi cyangwa umuyoboro w’amazi urimo amazi menshi kandi hari amashami menshi muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha afite igihombo kinini ku mpande zombi z’icyuma gishyushya amazi, hatoranywa valve yo kwagura ingano y’amazi hanze.
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa valve zo kwagura ubushyuhe, kandi valve zo kwagura zifite imiterere itandukanye n'uburyo butandukanye mu by'ukuri zifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha butandukanye. Amahitamo agomba gushingira ku bunini bw'ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa sisitemu yo kubikamo ibintu bikonje, ubwoko bwa firigo, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko mbere na nyuma ya valve yo kwagura, ndetse n'ingano ya evaporator. Ibintu nko kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bitoranywa nyuma yo gukosora ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa valve yo kwagura.
Kumenya ubwoko bwa valve yo kwagura ubushyuhe ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kubika ibintu bikonjesha ubara igihombo cy'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe bw'umwuka. Iyo igihombo cy'umuvuduko kiri munsi y'agaciro kagenwe, igihombo cy'imbere gishobora gutoranywa, naho igihombo cyo hanze kigatoranywa iyo igihombo kiri hejuru y'imbonerahamwe.
Icya kane, ibikoresho byo guhanahana ubushyuhe - evaporator
Imashini ishyushya ni kimwe mu bice bine by'ingenzi biri muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu bubiko bukonje. Ikoresha icyuma gikonjesha amazi kugira ngo gihinduke mu gihe cy'umuvuduko muke, ikanyunyuza ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gikonjesha, kandi ikagera ku ntego yo kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gikonjesha.
Imashini zishyushya zishyirwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha, kandi zigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: imashini zishyushya zikoresha amazi akonjesha n'imashini zishyushya zikoresha imyuka ikonjesha.
Imashini ikoreshwa mu kubika ibintu bikonjesha ni imashini ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha gazi.
Ihame ryo guhitamo ifishi y'umushongi w'amazi:
1. Guhitamo icyuma gishyushya ibiryo bigomba kugenwa mu buryo bwuzuye hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gutunganya ibiribwa no kubikonjesha cyangwa ibindi bisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga.
2. Imikoreshereze n'amabwiriza ya tekiniki y'icyuma gishyushya amazi bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa ku bikoresho bikonjesha biriho ubu
3. Ibikoresho byo gukonjesha umwuka bishobora gukoreshwa mu byumba bikonjesha, mu byumba bikonjesha, no mu byumba bikonjesha
4. Imiyoboro isohora umwuka ya aluminiyumu, imiyoboro yo hejuru isohora umwuka, imiyoboro isohora umwuka ku nkuta cyangwa ibyuma bikonjesha byose bishobora gukoreshwa mu cyumba gikonjesha ku bintu bikonjeshejwe. Iyo ibiryo bipfunyitse neza, icyuma gikonjesha gishobora gukoreshwa. Biroroshye gukoresha ifishi y'umuyoboro usohora umwuka mu biribwa bidapfunyitse.
5. Bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha ibiryo, ibikoresho bikwiye byo gukonjesha bigomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze, nk'imiyoboro y'amazi ikonjesha cyangwa imiyoboro y'amazi ikonjesha yo mu bwoko bwa tube.
6. Ibikoresho byo gukonjesha biri mu cyumba cyo gupakira birakwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bikonjesha umwuka iyo ubushyuhe bwo kubika buri hejuru ya -5 °C, kandi icyuma gishyushya umwuka gikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umuyoboro gikwiriye gukoreshwa iyo ubushyuhe bwo kubika buri munsi ya -5 °C.
7. Firigo ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu miyoboro yo hejuru igenda neza.
Umuyaga wo kubika ibintu bikonje ufite ibyiza byinshi nko guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwinshi, gushyiraho ibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye, umwanya muto wo gukoresha, imiterere myiza, kugenzura ibintu mu buryo bwikora, no gushonga burundu. Ukundwa cyane n'imishinga myinshi yo kubika ibintu bikonje, kubika ibintu bikonjesha mu buvuzi, n'imishinga yo kubika imboga bikonjesha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-18-2022
