Amavuta akoreshwa mu gusiga ibice byimuka muri kompreseri ikora ubukonje yitwa amavuta yo gukonjesha, azwi kandi ku izina ry'amavuta yo gusiga. Dukurikije amabwiriza ya Minisiteri y'Inganda za Peteroli, hari ubwoko butanu bw'amavuta yo gukonjesha akorerwa mu Bushinwa, ari yo, No. 13, No. 18, No. 25, No. 30 na No. 40 by'amahame ngenderwaho y'ikigo. Muri yo, amavuta akoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha kompreseri ni No. 13, No. 18 na No. 25, R12 compressors muri rusange zihitamo No. 18, R22 compressors muri rusange zihitamo No. 25.
Muri kompreseri, amavuta yo gukonjesha ahanini akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta, gufunga, gukonjesha no kugenzura ingufu by’imirimo ine.
(1) Gusiga amavuta
Amavuta yo muri firigo mu mikorere y'amavuta yo gukamura, kugira ngo agabanye urwego rw'uburiganya n'ubusaza bw'imikorere ya konpresser, bityo yongere igihe cyo gukora cya konpresser.
(2) Gufunga
Amavuta yo muri firigo agira uruhare mu gufunga muri firigo, ku buryo pisitoni ya firigo n'ubuso bwa silika, hagati y'amaberari azenguruka kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka zo gufunga, kugira ngo hirindwe ko firigo isohoka.
(3) Gukonjesha
Iyo amavuta yo muri firigo ashyizwe hagati y’ibice byimuka bya kompreseri, ashobora gukuraho ubushyuhe buturuka mu gihe cy’akazi, bityo ibice byimuka bigakomeza ubushyuhe buri hasi, bityo bikanoza imikorere n’ubwizigirwa bya kompreseri.
(4) Kugenzura ingufu
Ku gikoresho gikonjesha gifite uburyo bwo kugenzura ingufu, gishobora gukoresha igitutu cy'amavuta ya konjesha nk'imbaraga z'imashini igenzura ingufu.
Ubwa mbere, ni ibihe bisabwa ku bikoresho bikonjesha ku mavuta akonjesha
Bitewe n'ikoreshwa ry'ibihe bitandukanye n'ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, ibikoresho byo gukonjesha ku mahitamo y'amavuta yo gukonjesha ntabwo ari bimwe. Ibisabwa ku mavuta yo gukonjesha bifite ibi bikurikira:
1, ubushyuhe
Ibiranga amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa viscosity ya firigo ni ingenzi, ikoreshwa rya firigo zitandukanye kugira ngo hatoranywe amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa viscosity atandukanye hakurikijwe ibyo. Iyo viscosity ya amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa viscosity ari nini cyane, imbaraga zo gukururana kwa mashini, ubushyuhe bwo gukururana n'imbaraga zo gutangira ziyongera. Ahubwo, iyo viscosity ari nto cyane, bizatuma urujya n'uruza hagati y'ibice rudashobora gukora firime y'amavuta ikenewe, kugira ngo bitagera ku ngaruka zifuzwa zo gusiga amavuta no gukonjesha.
2, aho amazi agwa
Aho amavuta yo gukonjesha ashyirwa mu bushyuhe ni uko ubushyuhe bugabanuka ku gipimo runaka, amavuta yo gukonjesha yatangiye gutera parafini, ku buryo amavuta yo gusiga ahinduka ubushyuhe bukabije. Ibikoresho byo muri firigo bikoreshwa mu gukonjesha amavuta bigomba kuba biri hasi y'ubushyuhe bukabije bw'amavuta yo gukonjesha, bitabaye ibyo bizatera kuziba kwa valve yo mu muyoboro cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yo kohereza ubushyuhe.
3, aho gukomezwa
Amavuta yo muri firigo mu gihe cy'igerageza cyo gukonjesha kugira ngo ahagarike urujya n'uruza rw'ubushyuhe buzwi nka "configurant point". Ibikoresho byo muri firigo bikoreshwa mu gice cyo gukonjesha cy'amavuta yo muri firigo bigomba kuba biri hasi uko bishoboka kose (nk'amavuta ya R22 compressor, amavuta yo muri firigo agomba kuba ari munsi ya -55℃), bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku rujya n'uruza rw'ibikoresho bikonjesha, byongera ubushobozi bwo kudakoresha amazi, bigatuma ubushyuhe budakwirakwira neza.
4, aho umuntu anyura
Ikimenyetso cy'urumuri rw'amavuta yo muri firigo ni ubushyuhe bwo hasi cyane amavuta ashyushywa kugeza aho umwuka wayo ugurumana iyo uhuye n'umuriro. Ibikoresho byo muri firigo bikoreshwa muri firigo bigomba kuba biri hejuru y'ubushyuhe bw'imyotsi bwa dogere 15 ~ 30.℃cyangwa byinshi, kugira ngo bitatera gutwika no gutwika amavuta yo kwisiga.
5, kudahungabana kw'imiti no kudahangana na ogisijeni
Imiterere y’amavuta meza yo kwisiga ihamye, ntabwo ari ogisijeni, ntabwo yangiza icyuma. Ariko, iyo amavuta arimo firigo cyangwa amazi agatera ingese, ogisijeni y’amavuta izatera aside, ingese y’icyuma. Iyo amavuta ari ku bushyuhe bwinshi, hazabaho coke, niba ibi bikoresho bifatanye n’isahani y’isahani y’isahani, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y’isahani y’isahani y’isahani, icyarimwe bizatuma icyuma gifunga icyuma n’isahani y’isahani. Kubwibyo, igomba gutoranywa ifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka kw’imiti kandi ogisijeni ikaba ari amavuta meza yo kwisiga.
6, ubushuhe n'imyanda ya mashini
Iyo amavuta yo gusiga arimo amazi, bizongera impinduka mu mavuta, bityo amavuta akangirika, bigatera kwangirika kw'icyuma, ariko no muri valve yo gufunga cyangwa valve yo kwagura bigatuma "urubura rufunga". Amavuta yo gusiga arimo imyanda ya mashini, yongera kwangirika kw'ibice bigenda, kandi vuba aha agafunga ka filter na valve yo gufunga cyangwa valve yo kwagura, bityo amavuta yo gusiga muri firigo ntagomba kuba arimo imyanda ya mashini.
7, imikorere y'ubushyuhe mu gukingira
Muri firigo ifunze neza kandi ifunze neza, amavuta yo gukonjesha n'amavuta yo gukonjesha ni imiyoboro ya moteri kandi ikora ku gice cyayo, bityo bisaba amavuta yo gukonjesha afite ubushobozi bwo gukingira no kwangirika cyane. Imikorere myiza yo gukingira amavuta yo gukonjesha ni myiza, ariko irimo amazi, imyanda n'umukungugu, imikorere yayo yo gukingira izagabanuka, ibisabwa muri rusange ku ngufu zo gukanjesha amavuta yo gukonjesha zingana na 2.5KV cyangwa zirenga.
8, bitewe n’imiterere y’ubwoko butandukanye bwa firigo, ubushyuhe bw’imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha buratandukanye cyane, amavuta yo gukonjesha muri firigo muri rusange ashobora gutoranywa muri ubu buryo: imiterere y’ibikoresho byo gukonjesha yihuta cyane, ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutoranywa, ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutoranywa, ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutorwa; kandi imiterere y’ibikoresho byo gukonjesha yihuta cyane cyangwa iy’ubukonje igomba gutoranywa, ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutorwa.
二、 Ibisobanuro byo gukoresha amavuta yo gukonjesha ya compressor
1. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ya HFC-134a (R-134a) hamwe n'ibice bya HFC-134a (R-134a) bishobora gukoresha amavuta yabugenewe yo gukonjesha gusa. Amavuta yo gukonjesha adagenzurwa agira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo gusiga amavuta ya compressor, kandi kuvanga amavuta yo gukonjesha mu bwoko butandukanye bishobora gutera ogisijeni no kwangirika kw'amavuta yo gukonjesha, bishobora gutuma compressor inanirwa gukora.
2. HFC-134a (R-134a) ivuga ko amavuta yo gukonjesha ashobora kwinjiza ubushuhe mu kirere vuba. Kurikiza intambwe zikurikira:
(1) Mu gihe cyo gukuraho ibice bikonjesha mu bikoresho bikonjesha, ibice bigomba gupfukwa (gufungwa) vuba bishoboka kugira ngo bigabanye kwinjira k'ubushuhe mu kirere.
(2) Mu gihe ushyiramo ibice bikonjesha, ntugakureho (cyangwa ngo ufungure) igipfukisho cy'ibice mbere yo kubihuza. Huza ibice bikonjesha vuba bishoboka kugira ngo ugabanye kwinjira k'ubushuhe mu kirere.
(3) Amavuta yagenwe abikwa mu bikoresho bifunze ni yo yonyine ashobora gukoreshwa. Nyuma yo kuyakoresha, nyamuneka funga ako kanya igikoresho gifunze. Niba amavuta adafunze neza, ntashobora kongera gukoreshwa nyuma yo kwinjiramo n'ubushuhe.
3. Ntugakoreshe amavuta yo muri firigo yangiritse kandi yuzuyemo ubushyuhe, kuko byagira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe ya compressor.
4. Sisitemu igomba kongeramo amavuta yo gukonjesha hakurikijwe ingano yagenwe. Iyo amavuta yo gukonjesha ari make cyane, bizagira ingaruka ku mavuta ya compressor. Kongeramo amavuta yo gukonjesha menshi bizagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa sisitemu ikora ku mwuka.
5. Mu kongeramo amavuta yo muri firigo, ugomba kubanza kongeramo amavuta yo muri firigo, hanyuma wongeremo amavuta yo muri firigo
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-23-2023
