A, mu gihe compressor ya screw inanirwa, ibyuka bisohoka birimo amavuta ni byo bikunze kugaragara cyane, ibitera ibyuka bisohoka birimo amavuta ni ibi bikurikira:
1. Kwangirika kw'inyuma y'amavuta
Mu mikorere ya kompreseri ikoresha vis, igice cyo gutandukanya amavuta kirangirika nk'ikintu cyacitse kandi gifite imbobo, hanyuma kigatakaza uruhare rwo gutandukanya amavuta na gazi. Ni ukuvuga ko imiyoboro y'umwuka ivanze na kompreseri inyuramo neza, hanyuma amavuta menshi akonjesha ntatandukanywe, azasohokana n'umubiri wa gazi, bigatuma imyuka isohoka inanirwa.
2.kunanirwa k'umurongo wo kugarura peteroli
Mu gihe cyo gukora kwa compressor ya vis, umurongo wo kugarura amavuta ufite inshingano zikomeye, igice cyo hagati cy’amavuta n’aho compressor yinjira bizatanga itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko, mu ruhare rw’iri tandukaniro ry’umuvuduko, umurongo wo kugarura amavuta ni wo utuma igice cyo hagati cy’amavuta kiri hasi y’amavuta yakusanyijwe kigaruka kuri compressor, mu gihe cyo gukomeza gukoresha. Niba umurongo wo kugarura amavuta wafunzwe, wacitse kandi ushyizweho nabi, ntuzashobora gutwara amavuta yakusanyijwe hasi y’igice cyo hagati cy’amavuta kuyasubiza kuri compressor, bigatuma amavuta menshi cyane arundana hasi, icyo gihe igice cy’amavuta kitarajyanwa muri compressor kizavanwamo na gaze, kandi hazabaho ikintu cy’amavuta mu gihe cyo gusohora imyuka.
3. uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa sisitemu buri hasi cyane
Mu mikorere ya kompreseri ya vis, uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa sisitemu buba buke cyane, bizatuma imbaraga za centrifugal mu gitandukanya ziba nke ugereranyije n'akazi gasabwa, hanyuma uruhare rw'umutandukanya ntiruzagaragara neza, bizatuma isano ikurikira mu gitandukanya amavuta ya gaze y'ibanze iba iri hejuru cyane, irenze urugero rwo gutandukanya, kandi bigatuma gutandukanya amavuta na gaze bitarangira, mu nzira yo gusohora imyuka ya kompreseri hamwe n'ibura ry'amavuta.
4. ikosa ry'umuvuduko muto cyane
Mu mikorere ya compressor ya vis, valve y'umuvuduko muto ni ukugira ngo igenzure umuvuduko wa sisitemu ukore mu gihe cy'umuvuduko muto uri hejuru. Niba ikibazo cy'umuvuduko muto cya valve kibaye, umuvuduko muto wa sisitemu ntuzemezwa, kubera amahirwe y'ibikoresho ni gazi nyinshi ikoreshwa, bizatuma umuvuduko wa sisitemu uba muke cyane, umurongo wo kugarura amavuta ntushobora kugarura amavuta. Amavuta yakusanyijwe mu gice cyo hasi cy'imashini itandukanya amavuta ntazashobora gusubira muri compressor, azava muri compressor hamwe na gaze yashyizwemo, bigatuma imyuka isohoka itambitse hamwe n'umuvuduko wa peteroli.
5.compressor yo guhuza amavuta akonjesha ni nyinshi cyane
Mbere yo gukoresha compressor yo mu bwoko bwa screw, kongeramo amavuta menshi yo gukonjesha, arenze urugero rwa compressor, hanyuma mu gukoresha compressor, bitewe n'uko urwego rw'amavuta ruba ruri hejuru cyane, nubwo uburyo bwo gutandukanya amavuta na gazi bushobora gutandukana, ariko mu gusohora gazi, gazi nayo izaba ifite uruhare mu gukonjesha amavuta asohoka kuri gazi, bigatuma gazi irimo amavuta menshi isohoka, bityo amavuta agatangira gucika.
6. Ubwiza bw'amavuta akonjesha ntabwo bwemewe
Mbere y’uko compressor ikoreshwa, kongeramo amavuta akonjesha adafite ubuziranenge, cyangwa amavuta akonjesha igihe kirenze icyo yagenewe, ntibyashoboye kugera ku ngaruka zo gukonjesha. Hanyuma mu ikoreshwa rya compressor yo mu bwoko bwa screw, amavuta akonjesha yatakaje uruhare rwayo, kandi ntashobora gukonjesha gutandukanya amavuta na gaze. Hanyuma mu isohoka ry’imyuka hazagaragara nta kabuza iyo amavuta yananiwe gukonjesha.
Icya kabiri, kugenzura amakosa, intambwe zo gukemura ibibazo
Iyo compressor ibonetse irimo amavuta mu mwotsi, ntugomba gusenya ibikoresho ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga, ahubwo bigomba gushingira ku mpamvu zavuzwe haruguru zo gusesengura, hakurikijwe intambwe kuva ku zoroshye kugeza ku zikomeye zo kumenya ibice by'ikosa. Ibi bishobora kugabanya igihe kinini cyo gusana n'abakozi.
Iyo compressor itangiye neza kandi sisitemu igeze ku gipimo cy'umuvuduko, fungura buhoro buhoro valve y'irembo ry'imyotsi, umwanya ugomba kuba muto uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo umwuka muto ushobore gusohoka. Muri iki gihe, koresha igitambaro cyumye cy'impapuro ku mwuka usohoka, niba igitambaro cy'impapuro gihita gihinduka ibara n'ibitonyanga by'amavuta, ushobora kumenya impeshyi ya compressor irimo amavuta arenze urugero. Ukurikije ingano y'amavuta ari mu mwuka usohoka n'ibihe bitandukanye, nibindi, umwanzuro ukwiye ushobora gufatwa ku gice cyabayemo ikosa.
Iyo ifunguye rya valve y'irembo ry'imyotsi ryiyongereye, umwuka usohoka ugaragara nk'umukungugu utagira umuvuduko, bigaragaza ko umwuka usohoka urimo amavuta menshi, hanyuma ukareba niba amavuta agaruka mu ndorerwamo yo kugarura amavuta. Niba amavuta agaruka mu ndorerwamo yo kugarura amavuta yiyongereye cyane, muri rusange ku gice cyo gutandukanya amavuta yavunitse cyangwa amavuta akonje yongewemo menshi cyane; niba indorerwamo yo kugarura amavuta nta mavuta agaruka, muri rusange ku ndorerwamo yo kugarura amavuta yavunitse, ifunze.
Iyo valve y'irembo ry'imyotsi yongera umwobo, yasanze igice cy'imbere cy'umwuka usohoka ari igihu cyinshi, nyuma y'igihe runaka kandi gisanzwe; komeza wongere umwobo w'irembo ry'imyotsi, valve yose isohoka ifunguka, hanyuma urebe igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa sisitemu, niba igipimo cy'umuvuduko kigaragaza ko igipimo cy'umuvuduko kiri hasi ugereranyije n'igipimo cy'umuvuduko gito cyashyizweho na valve, valve isohoka ikomeza gusohora kandi umwuka usohoka nta nkomyi uhagarara. Iki kintu kibaho, ikosa muri rusange ni uko valve y'umuvuduko muto inanirwa.
Iyo ifunga risanzwe, imvange yo guhumeka yikora ku buryo bwikora ku mvange yo mu kirere, niba imvange irimo amavuta menshi, bigaragaza ko imvange yo guhumeka yikora yangiritse.
Icya gatatu, ibisanzwe binanirana mu gukuraho ingamba
Kompreseri ya screw mu mikorere y'imyuka isohoka hamwe n'amavuta mu gihe cyo kwangirika ni impamvu zitandukanye, impamvu zitandukanye zisaba ingamba zitandukanye kugira ngo zikemurwe.
1.ikibazo cy'ibyangiritse ku gice cy'imbere cy'amavuta
Kwangirika kw'inyuma y'amavuta ni ikintu gisanzwe, bityo muri kompreseri ikoresha vis mbere y'uko ibikoresho bikoreshwa bigomba kugenzurwa, mu ikoreshwa ry'icyo gikorwa hagomba kuba hubahirizwa amabwiriza y'imikorere, nyuma yo gukoresha ibikoresho bisanzwe. Byagaragaye ko inyuma y'amavuta yamenetse kandi yatobotse, bigomba gusimbuzwa ku gihe kugira ngo ibikoresho bikore neza.
2. Ibibazo biri mu nzira yo kugarura peteroli
Mu gihe cy'imikorere y'ibikoresho, niba uhuye n'ikibazo mu nzira yo kugarura amavuta, ugomba kugenzura igabanuka ry'umuvuduko w'icyuma gitandukanya amavuta, nko kugabanuka k'umuvuduko nta kibazo ugomba gusukura igice cy'icyuma gitandukanya amavuta, niba igice cy'icyuma gitandukanya amavuta cyacitse kigomba gusimburwa ku gihe.
3. Ikibazo cyo kugenzura umuvuduko wa sisitemu kiri hasi cyane
Ku mukoresha, agomba kumenya neza umuvuduko w’ibikoresho, iyo ikibazo kigaragaye ko kigabanya umutwaro wa sisitemu, kugira ngo umuvuduko wa sisitemu ugere ku muvuduko w’akazi ugenwa kugira ngo ukore.
4. ikibazo cy'ibura ry'umuvuduko muto w'amashanyarazi
Mu mikorere nyayo, iyo vali y'umuvuduko muto igaragaye ko idakora, igomba gusimburwa, hanyuma igakora nyuma yo kuyisimbura irangiye.
5.Ikibazo cyo kongeramo amavuta menshi yo gukonjesha kuri compressor
Mu kongeramo amavuta akonjesha kuri kompreseri, ugomba kubanza gusobanukirwa agaciro k’uburyo amavuta akonjesha agomba kongerwamo ku bikoresho, kongeramo amavuta akonjesha bigomba kuba inshingano z’umuntu, kandi muri rusange bigomba kugenzurwa munsi y’ikirahure cyo hagati.
6. Ubwiza bw'amavuta akonjesha
Kugira ngo hongerwe amavuta akonje, hagomba kongerwamo hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'ibikoresho biri ku mavuta akonjesha, kuko ibisabwa n'ibikoresho bitandukanye kuri amavuta akonjesha atari bimwe. Nyuma yo kongeramo, igihe cyo kongeramo kigomba kwandikwa, kandi iyo amavuta akonjesha ageze ku gihe cyo kuyakoresha, agomba guhindurwa ku gihe. Ubwiza bw'amavuta akonjesha yongewemo bugomba kugenzurwa cyane kugira ngo hakurweho kongeramo amavuta akonjesha atujuje ibisabwa.
Icya kane, inyandiko zigaragaza ibibazo n'uburyo bwo kubikemura
Mu gukemura ibibazo hari ingingo nyinshi zigomba kwitabwaho, bitabaye ibyo, ikosa ntirishobora gukurwaho gusa, ahubwo rishobora no guteza ingaruka zikomeye.
Iyo bigaragaye ko ari ikibazo cy’umuyoboro ugarura amazi, umuyoboro ugarura amazi ushobora gusukurwa no gufungwa cyangwa kongera gusudishwa. Muri icyo gikorwa, ugomba kwita kuri ibi bikurikira: mbere na mbere, ugomba kugenzura ko umuyoboro ugarura amavuta umeze neza, atari ukubera gusudira kugira ngo umurambararo w’imbere w’umuyoboro ube muto; icya kabiri, aho umuyoboro ugarura amavuta ushyirwa hagomba kuba hameze neza, muri rusange hagati h’igice cyo hasi cy’inyuma cy’imashini itandukanya amazi n’icyuho kiri hagati y’impera y’umuyoboro ugarura amavuta muri mm 3 ~ 4.
Iyo bigaragaye ko ikibazo ari cyo cy’ibanga ry’imashini, icy’ibanga rishya ryonyine ni ryo rishobora gusimburwa. Muri icyo gikorwa, ugomba kwita kuri ibi bikurikira: mbere na mbere, kugenzura neza niba icy’ibanga rishya ryo gutandukanya ibintu ryangiritse cyangwa ryangiritse; icya kabiri, gukora akazi keza ko gusukura ubuso buvanze bwa silindiri y’ibanga n’igifuniko cyo hejuru; amaherezo, gushyiraho bigomba kugenzura niba hari ibintu by’icyuma n’ibindi bikoresho biyobora amashanyarazi ku rupapuro rufunga hejuru y’icy’ibanga ry’imashini, kuko amavuta akonjesha azenguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi imbere mu cy’ibanga, kandi amashanyarazi menshi azakorwa ku cy’ibanga ry’imashini.
Iyo bigaragaye ko ari ikibazo cy’urugero rukabije rw’amavuta yo gutandukanya, bigomba gukurwa mu mazi neza. Genzura neza urugero rw’amavuta yo gutandukanya, mbere ya byose, igice kigomba kuba gihagaze, niba inguni iringaniye ari nini cyane, ikimenyetso cya metero y’amavuta kiri muri icyo gice kidakora neza; icya kabiri, igihe cyo kugenzura kirakwiye guhitamo mbere yo gutwara imodoka cyangwa nyuma y’igice cy’isaha yo kuzimya.
Nubwo compressor ya screw ari icyitegererezo cyizewe cyane, ariko ntisaba kubungabungwa no kubungabungwa. Ugomba kumenya ko ibikoresho byose "bifite amanota atatu mu ikoreshwa, amanota arindwi mu ikoreshwa", bityo, byaba amavuta asohora umwotsi cyangwa andi makosa, agomba kongera imikorere y'imirimo yo kubungabunga, ikibazo kizakurwaho mu gihe gito.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-26-2023
