Compressors zo gukonjesha za screw ni compressors z'ubwinshi. Kubera ko zakoreshejwe kuva mu 1934, bitewe n'imikorere yazo myiza, nta kwangirika kwazo, kandi zikaba zifite ubushobozi bunini bwo gukonjesha, zagiye ziganza sisitemu ntoya kugeza ku nini n'iziciriritse zo gukonjesha. None se ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibibazo bushobora kubaho muri compressors zo gukonjesha za fluorine mu gihe cyo kuzikoresha, reka turebere hamwe hano hasi!
1. Igipimo cy'ingufu kidasanzwe
2. Umusaruro muke no kwangirika kwa kondensateri
3. Umusaruro muke no kunanirwa kwa evaporator
4. Ikosa rya sisitemu y'urujya n'uruza rw'amavuta
5. Ibura ry'amashanyarazi
1. Igipimo cy'ingufu kidasanzwe
Igipimo cyo gukanda kizwi n'umuntu wese uzi imikorere ya compressor. Ariko se akamaro k'igipimo cyo gukanda ni akahe? Ese ni igikoresho cyakozwe mu kubara gusa, mu by'ukuri, si ko bimeze.
Itandukaniro riri hagati y’imashini ikoresha vis n’imashini ikoresha vis ni uko imashini ikoresha vis ikoresha vis igabanya gusa imbaraga, mu gihe imashini ikoresha vis igabanya imbaraga.
Igizweho ingaruka n'imiterere, imashini ya screw ifite amakuru y'ingenzi, ni ukuvuga igipimo cy'ubwinshi bw'amashanyarazi imbere, inyito y'icyongereza Vi, kuri compressors nyinshi za screw, Vi irahoraho. Ukurikije uburyo bwo kubungabunga no gukora, agaciro k'ubwinshi bw'amashanyarazi imbere gasa cyane n'agaciro k'igipimo cyo gukanda hanze (igipimo cy'umuvuduko ntarengwa w'umuvuduko wo gukanda n'umuvuduko uva mu kirere), kandi ubushobozi bw'iyi compressors ni bwo bwo hejuru cyane.
None se bigenda bite iyo igipimo cyo gukanda ari kinini cyangwa gito?
Iyo ari nini cyane, cyangwa itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko rikaba rinini cyane, bigaragaza ko sisitemu itandukanye rwose n'agaciro k'igishushanyo. Ibintu by'ingenzi ni uko ubushyuhe bwo gusohora n'ubushyuhe bw'umuvuduko ari byinshi cyane, umuvuduko wo gukurura ukaba uri hasi, kandi ubushyuhe bukaba buri hejuru.
Iyo umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe by'imyotsi bikabije, ingaruka mbi ahanini ni uko amavuta yo kwisiga ari muri sisitemu yoroshye kuyakoresha, ntabwo akwiriye gukora firime y'amavuta, kandi rotor ntishobora gushyirwamo amavuta yuzuye.
Umuvuduko muke wo gukurura, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura bigira ingaruka cyane cyane ku gukonjesha kwa moteri, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura amashanyarazi. Ingaruka muri rusange ni nk'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura amashanyarazi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Iyo ari nto cyane, bigira ingaruka cyane cyane ku gushyuha kw'amazi (imodoka itose, ubukonje buhindukiye). Mu bikoresho bimwe na bimwe, compressor ya screw irwanya gushyuha kw'amazi, harimo na bimwe mu bishushanyo byacu, kandi abacuruzi bakunda kuyimamaza muri ubu buryo. Mu by'ukuri, imashini za screw zitinya gushyuha kw'amazi. Iyo amazi menshi agarutse muri compressor, bizatuma amavuta agabanya ubushyuhe, kandi ingaruka zikaba zingana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'imyotsi.
Birumvikana ko igipimo cyo gukanda ni gito cyane, kandi giterwa no kwangirika gukomeye kwa rotor no kunanirwa gupakira no gupakurura imizigo.
2. Ubushobozi bwa kondensateri buri hasi
Ubushobozi buke bwa kondensateri bugira ingaruka cyane cyane ku bushyuhe bw'amazi atangwa n'amazi ndetse no kumenya niba ashobora gukora amazi. Tuzi ko valve yo kwagura ikoreshwa neza cyane itangwa n'amazi yuzuye. Muri ubu buryo, ubushobozi bwa sisitemu buba buri hejuru kandi ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha ni bwo bunini. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho binini bifite ububiko bufatanye, bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukonjesha amavuta. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubungabunga ubushobozi bwa kondensateri. Ihungabana riterwa ahanini no guhitamo nabi uburyo bwo gukonjesha, ahantu hadahagije ho guhumeka, ahantu hadahagije ho gukonjesha, hamwe no guhanahana ubushyuhe budahagije. Kubwibyo, ingingo z'ingenzi nka fans, pompe z'amazi, n'amababa bigenzurwa cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kugenzura.
Tuvuze ibi, ingaruka zo guhumeka ni nziza cyane. Urugero, niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, ingaruka zo guhumeka ni nziza cyane, bigatuma amazi yinjira mu cyuma gishyushya amazi. Muri iki gihe, ubushyuhe bukabije bwo gusukura buba buke cyane kandi ubushobozi bwo kwagura amashanyarazi buba buke, ibyo bikaba byatera Start hydraulic shock. Cyangwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’umuvuduko w’ibyuka n’umuvuduko wo gusukura ntabwo rihagije, ibyo bikaba byakwica imashini ikoresha amavuta yo gukurura umwuka.
3. Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha evaporator ni buke cyangwa buri hejuru
Ubushobozi buke bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi bugira ingaruka cyane cyane ku gukonjesha kw'ikintu kigomba gukonjeshwa, mu gihe gukonjesha kw'amazi bigira ingaruka kuri compressor. Kandi imikorere myiza cyane ituma ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura buba bwinshi cyane, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku bushyuhe bwo gusohora compressor.
Gusuzuma ikibazo cyo gucika intege kw'amazi
Gukubita bitose, iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi, umwanzuro uba woroshye, ahanini ugenzurwa n'umurongo w'ubukonje wa kompreseri, ariko se bite ku miterere y'icyuma gikonjesha? Ukurikije ikime? Cyane cyane ku bikoresho bikonjesha, iyo habayeho ikibazo mu gusuzuma, bizatera ibibazo nko kwangirika no kwinjira kw'amazi. Kubwibyo, bishobora gupimwa hakurikijwe igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuvuduko-inthalpy, cyangwa agaciro k'ubushyuhe bw'imyotsi uvuyemo ubushyuhe nyuma yo gushonga. Niba agaciro kari munsi ya 30K, gashobora gupimwa nk'ugukubita bitose.
Reka mvuge ikindi kintu kimwe hano, valve yo kwagura, nta rutonde mfite rutandukanye (reba igitabo cyanjye cyo kubungabunga valve yo kwagura). Valve yo kwagura si valve igenga abantu bose, kandi si ko imikorere yose yujuje ibisabwa ku ivalu yo kwagura. Cyane cyane amagare manini akururwa n'amafarasi.
4. Ikibazo cy'urusobe rw'amavuta
Ku bijyanye n'urusobe rw'amavuta, ahanini bigaragarira mu bwiza bw'amavuta, isuku, ubushyuhe bwo kugarura amavuta, n'ibindi. Akamaro k'ingenzi k'amavuta yo gusiga muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha ya compressor ya screw ni ugusiga amavuta, gukonjesha no gufunga.
Byongeye kandi, ifite kandi akazi ko kugabanya urusaku no gufata impanuka, ariko hari impaka nyinshi mu nganda, ahanini bitewe nuko amavuta azarema uduce tw’umwuka mu gice cya moteri, kandi uduce tw’umwuka tuzakuraho urusaku, ariko bamwe mu bakora bibwira ko ntacyo bimaze, kandi gazi-amazi biragoye kuyigenzura, bityo ahubwo wongereho umuti ugabanya ifuro.
Gufata impanuka ahanini ni ukugira ngo ibyuma bizunguruka bikoreshwe mu gusiga amavuta, kandi iyi ngaruka ntigaragara, bityo imikorere ibiri yavuzwe haruguru ntishobora gufatwa nk'imirimo y'ingenzi.
Ubushyuhe bw'igaruka ry'amavuta bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'imikorere ya kompreseri ya vis. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe busabwa gukoreshwa buri hagati ya 40 na 60°C, kandi bamwe mu bakora ibintu banashyira 70°C cyangwa 80°C. Ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane bw'amavuta butera gushonga kw'amavuta no kwangiza imiterere y'agapira k'amavuta. Ubushyuhe bw'amavuta bugira ingaruka no ku bushyuhe bw'imyotsi isohoka, ibyo nabyo bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cyo gukanda. Kubwibyo, nyamuneka witondere uburyo bwo guhindura iyo uhisemo ubushyuhe bw'amavuta.
isuku y'amavuta
Isuku y'amavuta ni na yo isuku y'iyi sisitemu. Kubungabunga isuku ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cya compressor ya screw. Compressor ya screw ntabwo ingana na compressor ya piston. Kubera impamvu z'imiterere, isuku y'iyi sisitemu iri hejuru y'iya compressor ya piston. Bitewe n'umuvuduko mwinshi wa rotor ya meshing, bimwe mu bintu by'amahanga byinjizwa vuba muri compressor, bigatera kwangirika kwa rotor ya meshing, cyane cyane uduce duto tw'icyuma cyangwa ibintu by'amahanga, bizaca mu nzira ya filter ifata (harimo n'ibintu binini by'amahanga, Kwangirika kwa ecran ya filter bitewe no gukurura si ibintu bidasanzwe), cyangwa ndetse n'ikibazo cyo guteranya imashini ubwayo, bigatuma ibice bigwa bigafatana hagati ya rotors. Bigomba kwangiza moteri mu buryo butaziguye. Nubwo uduce duto tw'icyuma tudakora mu buryo butaziguye, tugira ingaruka ku gice cy'amavuta cya rotor, bigatuma rotor ikora nabi, silinda igafata, kandi agasanduku k'ibyuma kakaruma. Ikintu giteye ubwoba cyane ni uko uduce duto tuzakora umuyoboro wa short-circuit kandi bigatera kwangirika kwa moteri mu buryo butaziguye.
Imashini zisiga amavuta zikoresha aside zikunze kumva impumuro y'amavuta yatwitswe iyo zifunguwe kugira ngo zisesengurwe. Ubushyuhe buba buri hejuru cyane iyo icyuma cyangiritse cyane, kandi amavuta akoresha aside atangira gushonga iyo ari hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 175. Iyo hari amazi menshi muri sisitemu (gutanga vacuum pompe si byiza, amavuta akoresha aside na frigo bifite amazi menshi, umwuka winjira nyuma y'uko umuyoboro w'umwuka ugarura umwuka upfuye, nibindi), amavuta akoresha aside ashobora kuba aside. Amavuta akoresha aside azangiza imiyoboro y'umuringa n'ibikoresho bikingira. Ku ruhande rumwe, bizatera umuringa ufunganye; ku rundi ruhande, amavuta akoresha aside arimo atome z'umuringa nta bushobozi bwo gushyiramo, ibyo bikaba bitanga imiterere yo kuzunguruka k'umuvuduko muke.
Ku bikoresho bya compressor bifite vis, ubwoko bwinshi bw'amakosa buterwa n'ibintu byinshi. Urugero, kunanirwa kw'amavuta guterwa no kubura amavuta bituma icyuma gifata, rotor igafata, hanyuma moteri ya compressor igafungwa, compressor igahura n'izamuka ridasanzwe, na moteri igashya. Kandi kuki kubura amavuta cyangwa kunanirwa kw'amavuta? Mu by'ukuri, biterwa cyane n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'imyotsi, gushoka kw'amazi n'izindi mpamvu. Kubwibyo, ku bakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga, ibi byose ni ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho neza no gutekerezwaho cyane mbere yuko bikosorwa no gutunganywa neza.
1. Amavuta arabira mu gihe cyo gutangira cyangwa gukora
Iri kosa riterwa n'amazi yinjira muri compressor, cyangwa hari firigo nyinshi cyane mu mavuta yo kwisiga. Nyamuneka hindura uburyo bwo gufunga kugira ngo urebe niba firigo ifite umuriro urenze urugero.
2. Urugero rw'amavuta ntabwo ruhagije cyangwa ruri hejuru cyane
Niba idahagije, hakwiye kurebwa niba ari ikibazo cya peteroli, ingano yo kongeramo lisansi idahagije, kandi biragoye gusubiza amavuta muri evaporator. Mu gihe ukomeza, witondere niba nta rugero rw'amazi ruri mu kigega cy'amazi. Hakwiye kurebwa ko uburyo bwo gufunga bufite inenge cyangwa buterwa no gushyiraho ibintu bidakwiye.
Iyo ari hejuru cyane, hakwiye gufatwa nk'aho akayunguruzo k'amavuta kafunze kandi icyuma gikonjesha gishyirwa mu mavuta.
3. Ubushyuhe bw'imyotsi bukabije cyane
Hari ibintu byinshi bituma ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'imyotsi buturuka ku mwuka buzamuka, ahanini biterwa na firigo nyinshi cyangwa nkeya, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura umwuka, n'imikorere idahwitse.
4. Umuvuduko wo gukurura ugabanuka cyangwa uhindagurika
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'umuvuduko muke wo gukurura ni ukubura k'icyuma gikonjesha, kudahuza kw'uburyo bwo gufunga, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gufunga, gushoka kw'amazi, n'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-05-2022
